The Philippines has developed a prototype residential building that uses construction components made from recycled plastic waste. The materials were produced using radiation-based processing techniques and include tiles, bricks and wall panels intended for building applications.

The project was developed by the Department of Science and Technology – Philippine Nuclear Research Institute (DOST-PNRI). It explores how plastic waste with limited recycling value can be converted into construction materials through advanced material processing.

Processing Mixed Plastic Waste

The building components were produced using Post-Radiation Reactive Extrusion (PREx). This process treats mixed plastic waste, including multilayer plastic sachets that are commonly used for consumer packaging in Southeast Asia.

During processing, the plastic waste is exposed to electron beam or gamma radiation before being reshaped through heat and pressure. The radiation alters the molecular structure of the polymers, which improves bonding between the plastic chains. This step increases the mechanical stability of the final products and allows their use in construction-related applications.

According to DOST-PNRI, the radiation treatment does not make the materials radioactive. The resulting tiles and panels can therefore be handled and used under normal conditions.

Relevance for the Built Environment

The project is part of the NUTEC Plastics initiative coordinated by the International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA). The initiative supports the use of nuclear science to monitor and reduce plastic pollution. The Philippines is one of the participating pilot countries focusing on plastic upcycling.

For architects, interior designers and product designers, the prototype illustrates how recycled plastics can be processed into rigid building components. The materials are intended for applications where durability and structural performance are required, while also contributing to the reuse of plastic waste streams.

Linking Waste Management and Material Development

In addition to material development, the project addresses plastic waste management by assigning functional value to discarded plastics. The approach connects waste collection, processing and material production within a single system.

The prototype house was presented in November 2025 during the visit of IAEA Director General Rafael Mariano Grossi to the Philippines. It was also shown in connection with the first International High-Level Forum on NUTEC Plastics, which brought together policymakers, scientists and industry representatives to discuss international approaches to plastic pollution.

Source: DOST-PNRI
Photo: John Louver Patriarcha