Researchers at the Fraunhofer Institute for Solar Energy Systems (ISE) have developed a new way to integrate photovoltaic (PV) systems into architecture. They use coloured films with transparent cut-outs to create realistic patterns on solar modules. These patterns can imitate materials such as roof tiles or masonry, without significantly reducing performance.

Aesthetic Integration For Architecture

The new “ShadeCut” technology allows architects and designers to add colour and pattern directly to PV modules and façade elements. The films are carefully structured and cut to create precise visual effects. This makes it possible to customise solar panels with textures, graphics, or even logos.

This flexibility is especially useful for façades, roof-integrated PV systems, and architectural elements such as railings. It also offers a solution for heritage buildings, where visual integration is essential. By mimicking traditional materials, the technology helps solar panels blend into existing architecture.

Bio-Inspired Colour Technology

The colour comes from MorphoColor, a technology inspired by the Morpho butterfly. The butterfly’s wings create bright, stable colours through microscopic structures that interact with light. Fraunhofer researchers have replicated this effect on PV modules.

They apply similar photonic structures to the back of the cover glass using a vacuum process. This creates colour without pigments. As a result, energy loss remains low compared to conventional coloured coatings. The same technology can also be applied to flexible films used inside the module or as a backsheet.

High Performance With Design Freedom

The coloured modules maintain strong energy performance. Independent tests show they deliver around 95% of the output of standard PV panels. Manufacturers can create the patterns using laser or CAD-controlled cutting, which ensures accuracy and scalability.

Designers can also combine multiple film layers to achieve more complex patterns or additional colours. This adds another level of customisation for architectural and product applications.

Expanding Design Potential For Solar Materials

This innovation shows how material development can bridge sustainability and design. ShadeCut makes it easier to integrate solar energy into buildings without compromising aesthetics. As demand for renewable energy grows, such solutions will help turn buildings into active, visually refined energy systems.

Source: Fraunhofer Institute for Solar Energy Systems ISE
Photos: Marco Ernst / ISE