Researchers at Graz University of Technology (TU Graz), working with industry partners, have created an innovative hook-and-loop fastening system for buildings. The solution makes it possible to connect components securely, while still allowing them to be separated and reused when needed. This approach saves time, reduces construction waste, and supports a more circular building economy.

A New Way to Connect Building Elements

The fastening system was developed in the ReCon project to address a key challenge in construction: different components often have very different service lives. Load-bearing structures may last decades, while interior walls, surfaces, or installations need replacing more frequently. Traditionally, permanent joints make this process difficult and wasteful.

The new system works much like Velcro, only at a larger scale. Mushroom-shaped hooks or loops are integrated directly into components. These interlock with specially designed counterparts, allowing builders to attach or remove parts without damaging the structure. This means entire walls or surfaces can be replaced instead of demolished.

From Concrete to Paper-Based Materials

The team tested attaching industrial hook-and-loop parts to wood and concrete. They also explored producing the fasteners themselves from raw building materials, including concrete, timber, and even paper-based composites. Tests in TU Graz’s Laboratory for Structural Engineering showed adhesive strength comparable to existing industrial systems.

At present, the solution is most suitable for interiors, such as non-load-bearing walls or flooring systems. To further improve durability, the researchers are investigating production methods such as injection moulding and metal stamping.

Digital Tools for Reuse

The project also introduced a digital system to make reuse easier. Components can be marked with RFID chips or QR codes containing data such as material composition and installation date. Builders can scan this information with a smartphone, making it possible to identify potential risks and assess whether parts can be reused. Such tools could help standardise circular practices in construction.

Towards Circular Building

The ReCon project was a collaboration between TU Graz’s Institute of Architectural Technology, Laboratory for Structural Engineering, and Institute of Bioproducts and Paper Technology, together with Axtesys and NET-Automation. It won the Austrian Sustainability Award 2024 in the research category.

By replacing demolition with simple disassembly, this hook-and-loop system shows how design innovation can extend a building’s life and prevent waste. For architects and interior designers, it points to a future where buildings are more adaptable, resource-efficient, and truly circular.

Source: TU Graz
Photo: IAT – TU Graz