Wetland Caves Pavilion Integrates Bamboo and Concrete Within a Wetland Landscape

Located on Chuanchang Island in Longyou County, Zhejiang Province, China, the Wetland Caves Pavilion by Studio 10 combines concrete columns, a lightweight bamboo-grid roof and native vegetation. The 85 m² structure sits within a flood-prone wetland shaped by the Qu River. It serves as a rest stop, observation point and sheltered gathering space for visitors, local residents and wildlife. In addition, the design draws on local bamboo craftsmanship and references the region’s historic cave sites. As a result, the pavilion explores how locally sourced materials can be used in a sensitive wetland setting.

Architecture Responding to a Changing Landscape

The pavilion occupies a transitional zone between river and island, where seasonal flooding regularly alters the terrain. During periods of high water, the site becomes submerged. As water levels recede, sediment deposits contribute to the formation of new wetland meadows. Consequently, the landscape is in a constant state of change. At the same time, these natural processes support a wide range of plant and animal species.

Drawing inspiration from the ancient cave sites found throughout the region, Studio 10 developed the pavilion as an abstract interpretation of a cave structure. Rather than creating a solid enclosed building, the architects designed a series of open elements that sit within the landscape. Visitors can therefore rest, observe wildlife and experience the surrounding wetland environment.

Concrete Columns With Integrated Functions

A series of freestanding concrete columns forms the pavilion’s primary structure. Their shape references both the large pillars found in nearby cave complexes and the waterholes characteristic of wetland terrain. Because the columns are dispersed across the site, the intervention remains relatively light.

Several columns incorporate practical functions, including waste collection, water access, bird nesting spaces and viewing points. Hollow voids extend through the columns to create skylights, side openings and ventilation passages. These openings bring daylight, airflow and views into the structure.

The design team developed the colour and surface texture of the concrete in response to the weathered stone surfaces of the nearby cave sites. In this way, the material establishes a visual connection with the local landscape and cultural heritage.

Bamboo Grid Roof Structure

Above the concrete columns, a prefabricated roof combines a lightweight steel frame with a modular bamboo grid. The bamboo comes from nearby forests, while the grid design takes inspiration from local bamboo craft traditions.

In addition, planters integrated into the tops of the concrete columns support native climbing plants. Over time, the vegetation can grow across the bamboo framework and provide seasonal shade. As the plants mature, they help the structure blend more closely with its surroundings.

Source & photos: Studio 10